If you’ve been living and working in the UK and thinking, “Right, I’m ready to stop renewing visas and just settle down,” then Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR) is likely your next goal. ILR is the UK’s version of permanent residency and is a key milestone on the journey to British citizenship.
In this guide, we’ll explain the ILR process in 2025, including eligibility, timelines, visa categories that lead to ILR, and how to apply, so you can confidently work toward making the UK your long-term home.
Table of Contents
What Is ILR (Indefinite Leave to Remain)?
Indefinite Leave to Remain allows non-British citizens to live and work in the UK without time restrictions. ILR holders can:
- Work or study without a visa
- Access public benefits (where eligible)
- Apply for British citizenship after 12 months
- Leave and re-enter the UK freely (though long absences may affect status)
It’s important to note: ILR is not citizenship, but it’s a crucial step before applying for a British passport.
Eligibility Criteria for ILR in 2025
Eligibility varies based on the type of visa you hold, but the general requirements include:
- Lawful residence in the UK for a qualifying period (usually 5 years)
- No serious criminal convictions or immigration breaches
- Knowledge of English (speaking and listening – B1 CEFR level or higher)
- Passing the “Life in the UK Test”
- Continuous residence with limited absences (usually no more than 180 days outside the UK in any 12 months)
Visa Routes That Lead to ILR
Different visa categories lead to ILR at different speeds. Here’s a breakdown of the most common ones:
1. Skilled Worker Visa (formerly Tier 2 General)
- ILR Eligibility: After 5 years of continuous work in a sponsored role
- Requirements:
- Continued employment with a licensed sponsor
- Minimum salary threshold met (£26,200 or higher, varies by occupation)
- Proof of residency and tax records
2. Spouse or Partner Visa
- ILR Eligibility: After 5 years (with 2.5-year visa renewals)
- Conditions:
- The relationship is still genuine and subsisting
- Financial requirement met (minimum income of £18,600)
- English language and Life in the UK test passed
3. Innovator Founder Visa (formerly Innovator Visa)
- ILR Eligibility: After 3 years, if the business success criteria are met
- Must meet at least two success conditions, such as revenue generation, job creation, or significant market traction
4. Ancestry Visa
- ILR Eligibility: After 5 years of continuous residence
- Must prove Commonwealth ancestry (e.g., a UK-born grandparent)
- Must be working or actively seeking work
5. Long Residence Rule (10-Year Route)
- Individuals legally residing in the UK for 10 continuous years under any visa type can apply
- Requires clean immigration history and proof of long-term UK ties
6. Global Talent Visa
- ILR Eligibility:
- After 3 years, if endorsed as a leader
- After 5 years, If endorsed as a promising talent
- Ideal for individuals in academia, tech, arts, or science
How to Apply for ILR: Step-by-Step
- Check Your Eligibility Based on Visa Type
Confirm the qualifying period, salary, employment status, and absence limits. - Book & Pass the “Life in the UK Test”
A 24-question test on British history, culture, values, and law. It must be taken at an official test centre. - Prove Your English Proficiency
Usually required at B1 CEFR level unless you’re from an exempt English-speaking country or have a UK degree. - Gather Supporting Documents
These may include:- Payslips and P60s
- Proof of accommodation
- Immigration history
- Bank statements and employment letters
- Biometric Residence Permit (BRP)
- Apply Online
Use the official UKVI portal and complete the application form. - Biometrics & In-Person Appointment
Attend a UKVCAS appointment to provide fingerprints and photo. - Wait for a Decision
- Standard service: Up to 6 months
- Priority service (optional): Decision within 5 working days
- Super Priority service: Decision by the end of the next working day
ILR Application Fees (2025)
| Item | Cost (GBP) |
| ILR Application Fee | £2,885 |
| Biometric Enrollment | Included |
| Life in the UK Test | £50 |
| English Language Test (if applicable) | ~£150 |
| Optional Super Priority Service | £1,000 (additional) |
After ILR: What Are Your Rights?
With ILR, you can:
- Live and work in the UK without time limits
- Access the NHS and other public services
- Travel freely in and out of the UK
- Sponsor certain family members for UK visas
- Apply for British citizenship after 12 months (if desired)
However, ILR can be lost if you spend more than 2 years outside the UK continuously, so it’s important to maintain ties and presence in the country.
Common Reasons for ILR Rejection
- Gaps in lawful residence or excessive absences
- Incomplete documentation
- Criminal convictions or immigration violations
- Incorrect application forms or failure to meet English/life test requirements
Tip: Double-check everything and consider professional help for complex cases.
Conclusion
Indefinite Leave to Remain is a vital step for those looking to make the UK their permanent home. Whether you’re here on a Skilled Worker visa, a family route, or as an innovator, understanding the eligibility requirements and preparing your documentation carefully will put you on the path to permanent residency—and eventually, full citizenship.
For more information, go to the official Website: https://www.gov.uk/browse/visas-immigration/settle-in-the-uk
